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The Terro-human History Project

"You will learn many things undreamed-of by the political-science faculty at the University of Nefertiti."
— Jurgen, Prince Trevannion (H. Beam Piper), "A Slave is a Slave"

Terra: From Many Nations to One Planet
A Terro-human History Project^α monograph
Imperial Conservatory of Terro-human Civilization^β
Imperial University, Odin, 1360 AE^γ

The period between the Third and Fourth World Wars, 32-109 Atomic Era (AE), saw a profound transformation of Terro-human civilization. It marked the end of the era when Terra itself had been politically divided into multiple nations. In the aftermath of the Fourth World War, a single, world sovereignty was forged on Terra. This global government, the "second' Terran Federation, eventually went on, of course, to establish the first interstellar Terro-human civilization.

Before the Third World War

Elements of a single, global government had first appeared at the end of the Second World War (4 Pre-Atomic to 2 AE) when the victors, a coalition of nations known as the Allies, formed the United Nations (UN), an international collective security organization. Though not actually a global government, in the years before the Third World War the UN included most of the nations of Terra. (See Table 1.)

Nevertheless, even as the UN was formed the world was being divided into two antagonistic blocs of nations. A "Western Bloc," led by America, was comprised of nations primarily in North America and western Eurasia. An "Eastern Bloc," led by Russia, was comprised of nations primarily in central, eastern and southern Eurasia.

Table 1: UN Members, circa 30 AE

Afghanistan	Albania^†	America^*	Arabia
Argentina	Australia^1 *	Austria	Byelorussia^2 †
Belgium^3 *	Bolivia	Britain^4 *	Brazil
Bulgaria^†	Burma	Cambodia	Canada^*
Ceylon	Chile	China, Island^*	Colombia
Costa Rica	Cuba	Czechoslovakia^†	Denmark^5 *
Ecuador	Egypt	El Salvador	Ethiopia⁶
Finland	France^7 *	Guatemala	Greece^*
Haiti^*	Hispaniola, West	Honduras	Hungary^†
Iceland^*	India^8 †	Indonesia	Iran
Iraq⁹	Ireland	Israel^*	Italy^10 *
Jordan⁹	Japan^*	Laos	Lebanon⁹
Liberia^*	Libya	Luxembourg^*	Mexico
Morocco	Nepal	Netherlands^11 *	New Zealand^12 *
Nicaragua	Norway^*	Panama	Pakistan^13 *
Paraguay	Peru	Philippines^*	Poland^†
Portugal^14 *	Romania^†	Russia^15 †	South Africa¹⁶
Spain¹⁷	Sudan	Sweden	Syria⁹
Thailand^*	Turkey^*	Tunisia	Ukraine^18 †
Uruguay	Venezuela	Yemen, North	Yugoslavia

^* Western Bloc.

^† Eastern Bloc.

¹ Included control of Eastern New Guinea.
² Though represented at the UN, nevertheless a subject territory of Russia.
³ Included control of Congo-Kinshasa and Rwanda-Burundi.
⁴ Included control of Aden (South Yemen), the Bahama Archipelago, Basutoland (Lesotho), Bechuanaland (Botswana), British Honduras (Belize), Brunei, Northern and Southern Cameroons, Cyprus, the Falkland Islands, the Fiji Islands, Gambia, Gold Coast and Togoland (Ghana), Guiana, Jamaica, Kenya, Kuwait, the Leeward Islands, Malaya, North Borneo and Sarawak (Malaysia), Mauritius, Muscat and Oman (Oman), the New Hebrides, Nigeria, Nyasaland (Malawi), Qatar, Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) and Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Sierra Leone, the Solomon Islands, Somaliland, Swaziland, Tanganyika and Zanzibar (Tazania), the Trucial Coast (United Arab Emirates), Uganda and the Windward Islands.
⁵ Included control of Greenland.
⁶ Included control of Eritrea.
⁷ Included control of Algeria, the Antilles français, Cameroun (Cameroon), Congo-Brazzaville, Côte d'Ivoire, Côte français des Somalis (Djibouti), Dahomey (Benin), Gabon, Guinea, Guyane, Haute-Volta, Madagascar, Mauritania, Niger, Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouvelles-Hébrides, Oubangui-Chari (Central Africa), Polynésie français, Réunion, Senegal, Soudan (Mali), Tchad and Togo.
⁸ Included control of Bhutan.
⁹ Although united under the Islamic Caliphate, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria each maintained separate membership in the UN.
¹⁰ Included control of Somalia.
¹¹ Included control of Western New Guinea and Suriname.
¹² Included control of Western Samoa.
¹³ Included East Pakistan (Bangladesh).
¹⁴ Included control of Angola, Cabo Verde, Guiné (Guinea-Bissau), and Moçambique (Mozambique) and Timor (East Timor).
¹⁵ Included control of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
¹⁶ Included control of Suidwes-Afrika.
¹⁷ Included control of Guinea (Guinea Ecuatorial) and Sáhara.
¹⁸ Though represented at the UN, nevertheless a subject territory of Russia.

Many regions of Terra, primarily in Africa and in southern Eurasia but also island territories in Terra's oceans, were subject territories of other nations and therefore were not separately represented at the UN. Also, at the time of its collapse, there were also a handful of nations which were not members of the UN. Most of these nations had been formally or informally partitioned — often as a result of armed conflict — by their respective patrons among the Eastern and Western Blocs. (See Table 2.)

Table 2: Non-UN Nations, circa 30 AE

China, Mainland^1 †	Germany, East^†	Germany, West^*	Korea, North^†
Korea, South^*	Mongolia^†	Switzerland	Vietnam, North^†
Vietnam, South^*

^* Western Bloc.

^† Eastern Bloc.

¹ Included control of Tibet and Xinjiang (East Turkestan).

Terran Federation of States flag

Increasing tensions between the Eastern and Western Blocs, ultimately sparked by disagreement over the status of an American strategic military base on the Moon, led to the collapse of the UN and ultimately to the "Thirty Days' War," as the month-long Third World War was originally known. America, the leading nation of the Western Bloc, formed a new collective security organization, the Terran Federation of States, shortly before the outbreak of the war. (See Table 3.)

Table 3: The "First" Terran Federation, circa 32 AE

America	Canada	China, Island	Germany, West
Haiti	Iceland	Iran	Ireland
Islamic Caliphate¹	Japan	Korea, South	Liberia
Pakistan	Philippines	Portugal²	Thailand
Turkey	Vietnam, South

¹ Iraq and Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and the former British territories of Kuwait, Muscat and Oman (Oman), Qatar, and the Trucial Coast (United Arab Emirates).
² Included control of Angola, Cabo Verde, Guiné (Guinea-Bissau) and Moçambique (Mozambique).

World Commonwealth of Nations flag

After the Third World War

Not all Western Bloc nations joined the Terran Federation. In the immediate aftermath of the Third World War several former Western Bloc nations, led by the nations of Britain and France, formed the World Commonwealth of Nations, an international collective security organization distinct from the Terran Federation. Several former subject territories which had been controlled by western Eurasian nations were admitted into the World Commonwealth as full members. (See Table 4.)

Table 4: World Commonwealth of Nations, circa 35 AE

Algeria	Belgium^*†	Benin	Botswana
Britain^1 *†	Burundi²	Cameroon³	Congo-Brazzaville
Congo-Kinshasa	Côte d'Ivoire	Cyprus	Denmark^4 *†
Djibouti	Ethiopia	France^5 *†	Gabon
Gambia	Ghana⁶	Greece^*†	Guinea
Haute-Volta	Israel^*	Italy^*†	Kenya
Libya	Luxembourg^*†	Madagascar	Malawi
Mali	Mauritania	Morocco	Netherlands^*†
Niger	Nigeria⁷	Norway^*	Oubangui-Chari
Pacific Islands⁸	Rwanda²	Senegal	Sierra Leone
Somalia⁹	Sudan	Tanzania¹⁰	Tchad
Togo	Tunisia	Uganda	West Indies¹¹
Zambia	Zimbabwe

^* Formerly Western Bloc.

^† Suffered substantial atomic devastation.

¹ Included control of the Falkland Islands and Mauritius.
² Comprised of a portion of the formerly Belgian-controlled Ruanda-Urundi.
³ Comprised of the formerly British-controlled Southern Cameroons and the formerly French-controlled Cameroun.
⁴ Included control of Greenland.
⁵ Included control of Réunion.
⁶ Comprised of the formerly British-controlled Gold Coast and Togoland.
⁷ Includes the formerly British-controlled Northern Cameroons.
⁸ Comprised of the formerly British-controlled Fiji Islands, New Hebrides, and Solomon Islands and the formerly French-controlled Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouvelles-Hébrides, and Polynésie français.
⁹ Comprised of the formerly British-controlled Somaliland and the formerly Italian-controlled Somalia.
¹⁰ Comprised of the formerly British-controlled Tanganyika and Zanzibar.
¹¹ Comprised of the formerly British-controlled Bahama Archipelago, Belize, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Windward Islands and Guiana, the formerly Netherlands-controlled Suriname, and the formerly French-controlled Antilles and Guyane.

During the Third World War many members of both the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth suffered substantial atomic devastation.

The Eastern Bloc was defeated decisively in the Third World War and most Eastern Bloc nations and territories also suffered substantial atomic devastation. Eastern Bloc nations and their subject territories (and some allied nations) were jointly occupied by the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth. (See Table 5.)

Table 5: Occupied Nations, circa 35 AE

Albania^*	Armenia^†‡	Azerbaijan^†‡	Bhutan
Bulgaria^*‡	Byelorussia^*†‡	China, Mainland^*‡	Czechoslovakia^*‡
Estonia^†	Georgia^†‡	Germany, East^*‡	Hungary^*‡
India^*‡	Kazakhstan^†‡	Korea, North^*‡	Kirghizia^†‡
Latvia^†	Lithuania^†	Moldova^†‡	Mongolia^*
Poland^*‡	Romania^*‡	Russia^*‡	Tajikistan^†‡
Turkmenistan^†‡	Ukraine^*†‡	Uzbekistan^†‡	Vietnam, North^*

^* Former Eastern Bloc.
^‡ Suffered substantial atomic devastation.

^† Former Russian subject territory.

Some nations, primarily those in the Southern Hemisphere, managed to avoid atomic devastation during the Third World War. These included not only those former UN members that had not been aligned with the Eastern or Western Bloc combatants but also some former Western Bloc members that had not joined the Terran Federation prior to the War and did not join the World Commonwealth in its aftermath. During the Third World War some of these "non-aligned" nations also gained control of subject territories previously held by Western Bloc nations in return for tacit support of the Western Bloc during the Third World War. (See Table 6.)

Table 6: Non-aligned Nations, circa 35 AE

Afghanistan	Arabia	Argentina	Australia^*
Austria	Bolivia	Brazil	Burma
Cambodia	Ceylon	Chile	Colombia
Costa Rica	Cuba	Ecuador	Egypt
El Salvador	Finland	Guatemala	Hispaniola, West
Honduras	Indonesia¹	Laos	Mexico
Nepal	New Zealand^*	Nicaragua	Panama
Paraguay	Peru	South Africa²	Spain
Sweden	Switzerland	Uruguay	Venezuela
Yemen³	Yugoslavia

^* Formerly Western Bloc.

¹ Included the formerly British-controlled North Borneo, Brunei, Malaya, and Sarawak and the formerly Netherlands-controlled Western New Guinea, and the formerly Portuguese-controlled Timor.
² Included the formerly British-controlled Basutoland and Swaziland.
³ Included the formerly British-controlled Aden.

Before the Fourth World War

In the seven decades between the Third World War and the Fourth World War, the nations and subject territories of the former Eastern Bloc were absorbed by the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth. Most subject territories previously controlled by Terran Federation nations were also admitted into the Terran Federation as full members. (See Table 7.)

Table 7: Terran Federation, circa 105 AE

America^†	Angola	Armenia^*†	Azerbaijan^*†
Canada^†	China^1 †	Georgia^*†	Germany^2 †
Guiné³	Haiti	Iceland	Iran^†
Ireland	Islamic Caliphate	Japan^†	Kazakhstan^*†
Korea^4 †	Kirghizia^*†	Liberia	Mongolia^*
Moçambique	Pakistan^5 †	Philippines	Portugal
Siberia^6 *†	Tajikistan^*†	Thailand	Turkey^†
Turkestan, East⁷	Turkmenistan^*†	Uzbekistan^*†	Vietnam⁸

^* Former Eastern Bloc.

^† Suffered substantial atomic devastation.

¹ The formerly partitioned "Island China" (of the Western Bloc) and "Mainland China" (of the Eastern Bloc).
² The formerly partitioned West Germany (of the Western Bloc) and East Germany (of the Eastern Bloc).
³ Included the formerly Portuguese-controlled Cabo Verde.
⁴ The formerly partitioned South Korea (of the Western Bloc) and North Korea (of the Eastern Bloc).
⁵ Included East Pakistan (Bangladesh).
⁶ Comprised of the formerly Russian-controlled Western Siberia and Eastern Siberia.
⁷ Formerly controlled by Mainland China.
⁸ The formerly partitioned South Vietnam and North Vietnam.

In the aftermath of the Third World War, America made territorical claims in Antartica and began to establish settlements for refugees from Terran Federation areas of atomic devastation in the Northern Hemisphere, beginning with its own Antarctic stations in the Ross Archipelago and at the McMurdo Dry Valleys oases ("McMurdo redoubt"), at the Cape Hallett oasis ("Essex redoubt"), at the Windmill Islands oasis ("Yorktown redoubt"), in the Palmer Archipelago ("Yellowstone redoubt"), at the Larsemann Hills oasis ("Sequoia redoubt"), at the Stillwell Hills oasis ("Franklin redoubt") and at a former Japanese station in the Flatvaer Islands ("Mayflower redoubt"). (Existing research stations on Antarctic ice shelves — Ellsworth and Little America — or in the Antarctic interior — Amundsen-Scott and Byrd — were not expanded into settlements for refugees.)

America also laid claims to former Eastern Bloc Antarctic claims for settlement areas, seizing Russian stations on the Queen Mary Land coast ("Ticonderoga redoubt"), at the Bunger Hills oasis ("Carolina redoubt"), at the Schirmacher oasis ("Apache redoubt"), at the Thala Hills oasis ("Bunker Hill redoubt"), on King George Island ("Mesa Verde redoubt") and on the Oates Land coast ("Huron redoubt"). (Eastern Bloc research stations in the Antarctic interior — Komsomolskaya, Sovetskaya and Vostok — were also claimed by America but not expanded into settlements for refugees and therefore abandoned.)

In addition to Eastern Block stations, America also laid claims to World Commonwealth Antartic claims for settlement areas, seizing British stations in the Palmer Archipelago ("Saratoga redoubt"), on the Trinity Peninsula ("Sioux redoubt" and "Acadia redoubt"), in the Wilhelm Archipelago ("Michigan redoubt"), on King George Island ("Choctaw redoubt"), on Signy Island ("Princeton redoubt"), at Ferin Head on the Graham Coast ("Mojave redoubt"), on Adelaide Island ("Chippewa redoubt"), in Marguerite Bay ("Rio Grande redoubt"), in Crystal Sound off the Loubet Coast ("Seminole redoubt") and the French station in the Geologie Archipelago ("Shenandoah redoubt"). (World Commonwealth research stations on Antarctic ice shelves — Baudouin, Halley Bay, and Norway — or in the Antarctic interior — South Ice and Charcot — or which had been damaged by volcanic eruptions — Deception Island — were also claimed by America but not expanded into settlements for refugees and therefore abandoned.)

Finally, America also laid claims to Antarctic claims made by non-aligned nations, seizing Argentine stations on Laurie Island ("Everglades redoubt"), in the Palmer Archipelago ("Lexington redoubt"), on the Sanavirón Peninsula ("Blackfoot redoubt"), in the Debenham Islands ("Iroquois redoubt"), on the Trinity Peninsula ("Hancock redoubt"), on King George Island ("Erie redoubt"), on Livingston Island ("Cherokee redoubt"), on Seymour Island ("Superior redoubt"), on Joinville Island ("Missouri redoubt"), on the Foca Nunataks ("Zion redoubt") and at Cierva Cove ("Mississippi redoubt"); Australian stations at the Holme Bay oasis ("Navajo redoubt") and at the Vestfold Hills oasis ("Valley Forge redoubt"); Chilean stations on Greenwich Island ("Colorado redoubt"), on King George Island ("Cheyenne redoubt" and "Columbia redoubt"), on Robert Island ("Comanche redoubt"), on the Trinity Peninsula ("Dakota redoubt") and at Waterboat Point ("Randolph redoubt"); and a New Zealand station in the Ross Archipelago ("Kiowa redoubt"). (Non-aligned nation research stations on Antarctic ice shelves — Belgrano — or which had been damaged by volcanic eruptions — Aguirre — were also claimed by America but not expanded into settlements for refugees and therefore abandoned.)

Those former Eastern Bloc nations and subject territories not absorbed by the Terran Federation were absorbed by the World Commonwealth in the period between the Third and Fourth World Wars. (See Table 8.)

Table 8: World Commonwealth, circa 105 AE

Algeria	Albania^*	Belgium^†	Benin
Bhutan	Britain^†	Botswana	Bulgaria^*†
Burundi	Byelorussia^*†	Cameroon	Congo-Brazzaville
Congo-Kinshasa	Côte d'Ivoire	Cyprus	Czechoslovakia^*†
Denmark^†	Djibouti	Estonia^*	Ethiopia
France^†	Gabon	Gambia	Ghana
Greece^*†	Guinea	Haute-Volta	Hungary^*†
India^*†	Israel^*	Italy^*†	Kenya
Latvia^*	Libya	Lithuania^*	Luxembourg^*†
Madagascar	Malawi	Mali	Mauritania
Moldova^*†	Morocco	Netherlands^†	Niger
Nigeria	Norway	Oubangui-Chari	Pacific Islands
Poland^*†	Romania^*†	Russia^1 *†	Rwanda
Senegal	Sierra Leone	Somalia	Sudan
Tanzania	Tchad	Tibet²	Togo
Tunisia	Ukraine^*†	West Indies	Zambia
Zimbabwe

^* Former Eastern Bloc.

^† Suffered substantial atomic devastation.

¹ Did not include Siberia (absorbed by the Terran Federation).
² Formerly controlled by Mainland China.

In the decades after the Third World War, both the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth began to explore the Solar System and to establish off-world colonies. The American Lunar Base, central to the success of the Western Bloc in the Third World War, was expanded into the Terran Federation burrow-city Palmer. The World Commonwealth established its own settlements on the Moon, beginning with the burrow-city Bailly. Eventually, both confederations established several burrow-cities on Luna.

The first expedition to reach Mars was the Terran Federation's Cyrano expedition in 53 AE. Though the World Commonwealth's first expedition to Venus the following year was a failure, the Cartier expedition was successful in reaching Venus in 56 AE. Colonies were eventually established by the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth on both planets, beginning with the Federation's Penrose settlement and the Commonwealth's Wellstown settlement on Mars and with the Commonwealth's Arrhenius settlement on Venus and the Federation's settlement at Port Oberth on Venus.

Further exploration and settlement reached the Asteroid Belt and the Moons of Jupiter — Callisto had the largest settlements. Burrow-cities like those on Luna were built in the Mercury Twilight Zone and on Saturn's moon Titan. Often there were conflicts between the Federation and Commonwealth settlements though as time passed these conflicts were meliorated by growing independence sentiments in many colonies which sometimes sparked a sense of solidarity among the colonists toward their respective governments on Terra.

On the eve of the Fourth World War, most nations that were not members of either the Terran Federation or the World Commonwealth were located in the Southern Hemisphere. (See Table 9.)

Table 9: Non-aligned Nations, circa 105 AE

Afghanistan	Arabia	Argentina	Australia
Austria	Bolivia	Brazil	Burma
Cambodia	Ceylon	Chile	Colombia
Costa Rica	Cuba	Ecuador	Egypt
El Salvador	Finland	Guatemala	Hispaniola, West
Honduras	Indonesia	Laos	Mexico
Nepal	New Zealand	Nicaragua	Panama
Paraguay	Peru	South Africa	Spain
Sweden	Switzerland	Uruguay	Venezuela
Yemen	Yugoslavia

The Fourth World War, between the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth, was sparked by rivalries over their respective interplanetary colonies on Mars and Venus. (Thus, the Fourth World War is also known as the First Interplanetary War.)

After the Fourth World War

Much of the Northern Hemisphere of Terra, already severely harmed in the Third World War, was devastated in the Fourth World War. Both the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth had begun resettlement programs in the aftermath of the Third World War which moved large numbers of people to various territories in the Southern Hemisphere (including Antarctica) but the populations of these settlements were tiny in comparison to the numbers who were killed in the Northern Hemisphere during the Fourth World War.

From its new capital in Antarctica, the Terran Federation, the nominal victor in the Fourth World War (the remnants of the World Commonwealth government had fled to Venus), attempted to expand the Federation across all of Terra. Preliminary negotiations with the non-aligned nations of the Southern Hemisphere, which had largely been spared from devastation, were promising but an unexpected change in government led the Terran Federation to abandon its proposal.

Many non-aligned nations in the Northern Hemisphere were also devastated by the destruction of the Fourth World War. Most non-aligned nations of the Southern Hemisphere united to form larger, more powerful nations which accepted refugees from the Northern Hemisphere not only from other non-aligned nations but also from the devastated regions of the Terran Federation and the World Commonwealth. Some also seized control of former Terran Federation and World Commonwealth territories in the Southern Hemisphere. (See Table 10.)

Table 10: Non-aligned Nations, circa 115 AE

Afghanistan^*	Arabia^*	Argentina, Greater¹	Australia, Greater²
Austria^*	Brazil, Greater³	Colombia^*	Cuba^*
Egypt^*	El Salvador^*	Finland^*	Guatemala^*
Hispaniola, West^*	Honduras^*	Indonesia, Greater⁴	Mexico^*
Nepal^*	Nicaragua^*	Panama^*	South Africa, Greater⁵
Spain^*	Sweden^*	Switzerland^*	Venezuela^*
Yemen^*	Yugoslavia^*

^* Suffered substantial atomic devastation.

^†

¹ Included the formerly independent Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.
² Included the formerly independent New Zealand and the Pacific Islands of the former World Commonwealth.
³ Included the former Terran Federation members Angola and Moçambique and Madagascar of the former World Commonwealth.
⁴ Included the formerly independent Burma, Cambodia, Ceylon and Laos and the former Terran Federation members Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam.
⁵ Included Botswana, Burundi, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe of the former World Commonwealth.

Terran Federation flag

In 119 AE, South Africa, Australia, Brazil, Argentina and Indonesia formed "a single world sovereignty" which they called the Terran Federation (of their respective "Member Republics"), explicitly claiming the authority of the former Terran Federation of States. All national states were abolished, with Protectorates established for Antarctica — where a rump "first" Federation resisted but was eventually subjugated, North America, Europe and Northern Africa, and Asia.

Luna, Mars and Venus were subsequently also admitted as Member Republics. Eventually, the "second" Federation imposed a "System-wide pax" incorporating the settlements in Mercury Twilight Zone, in the Asteroid Belt, on Calisto and the other moons of Jupiter and on Titan.

^α Based upon H. Beam Piper's science-fiction "Terro-human Future History" collection of yarns. As Piper's commentary in "The Future History" (Zenith Science Fiction, Peter Weston, ed., No. 4, April/May 1964, pp. 10-12) makes clear, the Terro-human Future History canon is comprised of the stories "Omnilingual" (Astounding Science Fiction, February 1957), "Edge of the Knife" (Amazing Stories, May 1957), "The Keeper" (Venture Science Fiction, July 1957), "Graveyard of Dreams" (Galaxy Science Fiction, February 1958), "Ministry of Disturbance" (Astounding Science Fiction, December 1958), "Oomphel in the Sky" (Analog Science Fact — Science Fiction, November 1960), "Naudsonce" (Analog Science Fact — Science Fiction, January 1962), and "A Slave is a Slave" (Analog Science Fact — Science Fiction, April 1962), and the novels Uller Uprising (originally published in The Petrified Planet, Twayne, 1952), Four-Day Planet (Putnam, 1961), Little Fuzzy (Avon, 1962), Space Viking (originally serialized in Analog Science Fact — Science Fiction, November 1962, December 1962, January 1963, and February 1963), Junkyard Planet (Putnam, 1963, reissued as The Cosmic Computer), Fuzzy Sapiens (originally published as The Other Human Race, Avon, 1964), and Fuzzies and Other People (Ace, 1984). Additionally, those portions of Piper's yarn "When in the Course —" (originally published in Federation, Ace 1981) which are not duplicated in his Paratime yarn "Gunpowder God" (Analog Science Fiction — Science Fact, November 1964) are also treated as part of the Terro-human Future History canon. Finally, background material found in the authorized novels Fuzzy Bones by William Tuning (Ace, 1981) and Golden Dream by Ardath Mayhar (Ace, 1982) is also treated as canonical when it does not contradict Piper's own work.

^β Inspired by the Traveller® science-fiction role-playing game's Regency Institute for Cultural Education (RICE), an in-setting construct "dedicated to increasing the level of knowledge and understanding of the various cultures that the traveller may encounter within the Regency . . . through . . . such publications as [its] series of RICE Papers. . . ."

^γ Piper's Terro-human Future History dating is used throughout this essay. Piper tells us in "The Future History" (1964 CE) that the "Atomic Era (AE) is reckoned as beginning on the 2nd December, 1942, Christian Era (CE), with the first self-sustaining nuclear reactor, put into operation by Enrico Fermi at the University of Chicago. Unlike earlier dating-systems, it begins with a Year Zero — 12/2/'42 to 12/1/'43, CE. With allowances for December overlaps, 1943 CE is thus equal to Year Zero AE, and 1944 CE to 1 AE, and each century accordingly begins with the 'double-zero' year, and ends with the ninety-nine year. . . . Dates AE and CE are converted by adding or subtracting 1943: thus 1964 CE is 21 AE, and 1066 CE is reckoned as 877 PreAtomic (PA)." As real-world events unfolded (in particular the toppling of the Iraqi monarchy and execution of the grandson of the Sharifian Caliph), the Terro-human Future History diverged from actual history in approximately 15 AE (1958 CE).

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